196 lines
6.3 KiB
Markdown
196 lines
6.3 KiB
Markdown
---
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title: "Traefik HTTP Middlewares IPAllowList"
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description: "Learn how to use IPAllowList in HTTP middleware for limiting clients to specific IPs in Traefik Proxy. Read the technical documentation."
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---
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# IPAllowList
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Limiting Clients to Specific IPs
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{: .subtitle }
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IPAllowList accepts / refuses requests based on the client IP.
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## Configuration Examples
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```yaml tab="Docker & Swarm"
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# Accepts request from defined IP
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labels:
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- "traefik.http.middlewares.test-ipallowlist.ipallowlist.sourcerange=127.0.0.1/32, 192.168.1.7"
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```
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```yaml tab="Kubernetes"
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apiVersion: traefik.io/v1alpha1
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kind: Middleware
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metadata:
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name: test-ipallowlist
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spec:
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ipAllowList:
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sourceRange:
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- 127.0.0.1/32
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- 192.168.1.7
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```
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```yaml tab="Consul Catalog"
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# Accepts request from defined IP
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- "traefik.http.middlewares.test-ipallowlist.ipallowlist.sourcerange=127.0.0.1/32, 192.168.1.7"
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```
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```yaml tab="File (YAML)"
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# Accepts request from defined IP
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http:
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middlewares:
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test-ipallowlist:
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ipAllowList:
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sourceRange:
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- "127.0.0.1/32"
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- "192.168.1.7"
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```
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```toml tab="File (TOML)"
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# Accepts request from defined IP
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[http.middlewares]
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[http.middlewares.test-ipallowlist.ipAllowList]
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sourceRange = ["127.0.0.1/32", "192.168.1.7"]
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```
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## Configuration Options
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### `sourceRange`
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The `sourceRange` option sets the allowed IPs (or ranges of allowed IPs by using CIDR notation).
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### `ipStrategy`
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The `ipStrategy` option defines two parameters that set how Traefik determines the client IP: `depth`, and `excludedIPs`.
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If no strategy is set, the default behavior is to match `sourceRange` against the Remote address found in the request.
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!!! important "As a middleware, whitelisting happens before the actual proxying to the backend takes place. In addition, the previous network hop only gets appended to `X-Forwarded-For` during the last stages of proxying, i.e. after it has already passed through whitelisting. Therefore, during whitelisting, as the previous network hop is not yet present in `X-Forwarded-For`, it cannot be matched against `sourceRange`."
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#### `ipStrategy.depth`
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The `depth` option tells Traefik to use the `X-Forwarded-For` header and take the IP located at the `depth` position (starting from the right).
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- If `depth` is greater than the total number of IPs in `X-Forwarded-For`, then the client IP will be empty.
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- `depth` is ignored if its value is less than or equal to 0.
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!!! example "Examples of Depth & X-Forwarded-For"
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If `depth` is set to 2, and the request `X-Forwarded-For` header is `"10.0.0.1,11.0.0.1,12.0.0.1,13.0.0.1"` then the "real" client IP is `"10.0.0.1"` (at depth 4) but the IP used is `"12.0.0.1"` (`depth=2`).
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| `X-Forwarded-For` | `depth` | clientIP |
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|-----------------------------------------|---------|--------------|
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| `"10.0.0.1,11.0.0.1,12.0.0.1,13.0.0.1"` | `1` | `"13.0.0.1"` |
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| `"10.0.0.1,11.0.0.1,12.0.0.1,13.0.0.1"` | `3` | `"11.0.0.1"` |
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| `"10.0.0.1,11.0.0.1,12.0.0.1,13.0.0.1"` | `5` | `""` |
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```yaml tab="Docker & Swarm"
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# Allowlisting Based on `X-Forwarded-For` with `depth=2`
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labels:
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- "traefik.http.middlewares.test-ipallowlist.ipallowlist.sourcerange=127.0.0.1/32, 192.168.1.7"
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- "traefik.http.middlewares.test-ipallowlist.ipallowlist.ipstrategy.depth=2"
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```
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```yaml tab="Kubernetes"
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# Allowlisting Based on `X-Forwarded-For` with `depth=2`
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apiVersion: traefik.io/v1alpha1
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kind: Middleware
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metadata:
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name: test-ipallowlist
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spec:
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ipAllowList:
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sourceRange:
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- 127.0.0.1/32
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- 192.168.1.7
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ipStrategy:
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depth: 2
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```
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```yaml tab="Consul Catalog"
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# Allowlisting Based on `X-Forwarded-For` with `depth=2`
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- "traefik.http.middlewares.test-ipallowlist.ipallowlist.sourcerange=127.0.0.1/32, 192.168.1.7"
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- "traefik.http.middlewares.test-ipallowlist.ipallowlist.ipstrategy.depth=2"
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```
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```yaml tab="File (YAML)"
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# Allowlisting Based on `X-Forwarded-For` with `depth=2`
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http:
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middlewares:
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test-ipallowlist:
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ipAllowList:
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sourceRange:
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- "127.0.0.1/32"
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- "192.168.1.7"
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ipStrategy:
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depth: 2
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```
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```toml tab="File (TOML)"
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# Allowlisting Based on `X-Forwarded-For` with `depth=2`
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[http.middlewares]
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[http.middlewares.test-ipallowlist.ipAllowList]
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sourceRange = ["127.0.0.1/32", "192.168.1.7"]
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[http.middlewares.test-ipallowlist.ipAllowList.ipStrategy]
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depth = 2
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```
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#### `ipStrategy.excludedIPs`
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`excludedIPs` configures Traefik to scan the `X-Forwarded-For` header and select the first IP not in the list.
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!!! important "If `depth` is specified, `excludedIPs` is ignored."
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!!! example "Example of ExcludedIPs & X-Forwarded-For"
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| `X-Forwarded-For` | `excludedIPs` | clientIP |
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|-----------------------------------------|-----------------------|--------------|
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| `"10.0.0.1,11.0.0.1,12.0.0.1,13.0.0.1"` | `"12.0.0.1,13.0.0.1"` | `"11.0.0.1"` |
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| `"10.0.0.1,11.0.0.1,12.0.0.1,13.0.0.1"` | `"15.0.0.1,13.0.0.1"` | `"12.0.0.1"` |
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| `"10.0.0.1,11.0.0.1,12.0.0.1,13.0.0.1"` | `"10.0.0.1,13.0.0.1"` | `"12.0.0.1"` |
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| `"10.0.0.1,11.0.0.1,12.0.0.1,13.0.0.1"` | `"15.0.0.1,16.0.0.1"` | `"13.0.0.1"` |
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| `"10.0.0.1,11.0.0.1"` | `"10.0.0.1,11.0.0.1"` | `""` |
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```yaml tab="Docker & Swarm"
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# Exclude from `X-Forwarded-For`
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labels:
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- "traefik.http.middlewares.test-ipallowlist.ipallowlist.ipstrategy.excludedips=127.0.0.1/32, 192.168.1.7"
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```
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```yaml tab="Kubernetes"
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# Exclude from `X-Forwarded-For`
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apiVersion: traefik.io/v1alpha1
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kind: Middleware
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metadata:
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name: test-ipallowlist
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spec:
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ipAllowList:
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ipStrategy:
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excludedIPs:
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- 127.0.0.1/32
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- 192.168.1.7
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```
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```yaml tab="Consul Catalog"
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# Exclude from `X-Forwarded-For`
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- "traefik.http.middlewares.test-ipallowlist.ipallowlist.ipstrategy.excludedips=127.0.0.1/32, 192.168.1.7"
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```
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```yaml tab="File (YAML)"
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# Exclude from `X-Forwarded-For`
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http:
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middlewares:
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test-ipallowlist:
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ipAllowList:
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ipStrategy:
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excludedIPs:
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- "127.0.0.1/32"
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- "192.168.1.7"
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```
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```toml tab="File (TOML)"
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# Exclude from `X-Forwarded-For`
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[http.middlewares]
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[http.middlewares.test-ipallowlist.ipAllowList]
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[http.middlewares.test-ipallowlist.ipAllowList.ipStrategy]
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excludedIPs = ["127.0.0.1/32", "192.168.1.7"]
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```
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